Sunday, June 25, 2017

PT-2 Christianity and Slavery (Philemon)


SPIRITUAL DIARY FOR 6/25/2017 8:21 PM

My Worship Time                                                                Focus:  PT-2 Christianity and Slavery

            The first thing that I want to write is that I don’t know how I missed doing my devotions from Philemon last night.  I looked all over my computer but could not find it and so I have to say that I just forgot to do it.  I guess we will pick up where we left off on Friday.

            In his commentary on Philemon John MacArthur states that by the time that the New Testament era came along people were beginning to have a change of heart with their slaves as they were finally figuring out that slaves can be more useful to them if they were treated better, as slaves had the ability to do things by thinking as well as back breaking work. 

            Slaves began to figure out that they were at times better off than freemen as they were assured of a place to stay and also food to eat where poor men did not have that all of the time, so being a slave, especially to a good owner was better than being free at times.

            MacArthur writes “By the first century, freedom was a real possibility for many slaves.  Owners often held out the hope of freedom to inspire their slaves to work better.  Many shared deep friendships with their masters and were loved and cared for with generosity.  Many slaves would not have taken their freedom if it had been offered because their employment was happy and beneficial.  Slaves could also purchase their own freedom.  Masters often designated in their wills that their slaves were to be freed of receive part of their estate after the master’s death.  Manumission was thus widespread.  One study indicated that in the period 81-49 B. C., five hundred thousand slaves were freed (Rupprecht, 5:458).  By the time Augustus Caesar, so many slaves were being freed upon the death of their owners that a law had to be passed restricting that practice (Rupprecht 5:459).  Estimates of the average length of time a slave had to wait for his freedom range from seven to twenty years.

            “It is significant that the New Testament nowhere attacks slavery directly.  Had Jesus and the apostles done so, the result would have been chaos.  Any slave insurrection would have been brutally crushed, and the slaves massacred.  The gospel would have been swallowed up by the message of social reform.  Further, right relations between slaves and masters made it a workable social institution, if not an ideal one.

            “Christianity , however, sowed the seeds of the destruction of slavery.  It would be destroyed not by social upheaval, but by changed hearts.  The book of Philemon illustrates that principle.  Paul does not order Philemon to free Onesimus, or teach that slavery is evil.  But by ordering Philemon to treat Onesimus as a brother (Philem. 16; cf. Eph. 6:9; Col. 4:1), Paul eliminated the abuses of slavery.  Marvin Vincent comments, ‘The principles of the gospel not only curtailed [slavery’s] abuses, but destroyed the thing itself; for it could not exist without its abuses.  To destroy its abuses was to destroy it.’

            “One writer summed up the importance of Philemon in relation to slavery in these words”

‘The Epistle brings into vivid focus the whole problem of slavery in the Christian Church.  There is no thought of denunciation even in principle.  The apostle deals with the situation as it then exists.  He takes it for granted that Philemon has a claim of ownership on Onesimus and leaves the position unchallenged.  Yet in one significant phrase Paul transforms the character of the master-slave relationship.  Onesimus is returning no longer as a slave but as a brother beloved (verse 16).  It is clearly incongruous for a Christian master to ‘own’ a brother in Christ in the contemporary sense of the word., and although the existing order of society could not be immediately changed by Christianity without a political revolution (which was clearly contrary to Christian principles), the Christian master-slave relationship was so transformed from within that it was bound to lead ultimately to the abolition of the system.’ (Donald Guthrie).’”

6/25/2017 8:49 PM

 

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